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electoral district
An electoral district (also known as a constituency, riding, ward, division, electoral area or electorate) is a territorial subdivision for electing members to a legislative body. Generally, only voters (constituents) who reside within the district are permitted to vote in an election held there. From a single district, a single member or multiple members might be chosen. Members might be chosen by a first past the post system or a proportional representative system, or another method entirely. Members might be chosen through an election with universal suffrage or an indirect election, or some other method.
==Terminology==
The names for electoral districts vary across countries and, occasionally, for the office being elected. The term ''constituency'' is commonly used to refer to an electoral district; it can also refer to the body of eligible voters within the represented area. Similarly, in Australia and New Zealand, electoral districts are called ''electorates'', however elsewhere the term ''electorate'' generally refers specifically to the body of voters.
In India electoral districts are referred to as "''Chûnāô Kshetra''" ((ヒンディー語:चुनाव क्षेत्र)) in Hindi, which can be literally translated to English as "Electoral area" though the official English translation for the term is "Constituency". The term "Chûnāô-Kshetra" is used while referring to an electoral district in general irrespective of the legislature. When referring to a particular legislatorial constituency, it is simply referred to as "Kshetra" along with the name of the legislature, in Hindi (e.g.-'Lok Sabha Kshetra' for a Lok Sabha Constituency). Electoral districts for Municipal or other local bodies are called "Wards".
In Canada, districts are colloquially called ''ridings'' (stemming from an earlier British geographical subdivision); in French, ''circonscription'' or (colloquially) ''comté'', "county." Local electoral districts are sometimes called ''wards'', a term which also designates administrative subdivisions of a municipality. In local government in the Republic of Ireland voting districts are called ''electoral areas''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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